Your car’s braking system is key for safety, allowing you to control your speed and stop effectively in all conditions. The most common setup involves brake pads pressing against rotating metal discs (often called rotors) attached to the wheels. This friction converts the car’s kinetic energy into heat, slowing you down. Understanding how these crucial components wear and recognising the warning signs is vital for every driver.

How Brakes Wear and Warning Signs

Brake pads are designed as friction material bonded to a metal backing plate. Each time you brake, a tiny amount of this material wears away. Brake discs also wear down over time, albeit more slowly, as the pads clamp against them. Eventually, both pads and discs will need replacing.

Common signs that your brake pads are nearing the end of their life include:

• Squealing or Screeching: Many pads have built-in metal wear indicators that make a high-pitched noise when the pad material is low.
• Grinding Noise: A harsher, metallic grinding sound usually means the pads are completely worn through, and metal is grinding against metal (the backing plate against the disc). This can rapidly damage the discs and is dangerous – stop driving and seek immediate attention.
• Reduced Responsiveness: The brake pedal might feel ‘spongy’ or travel further towards the floor before the brakes engage.
• Longer Stopping Distances: If you notice your car isn’t stopping as quickly as it used to.
• Pulling to One Side: Uneven wear or a sticking brake caliper might cause the car to pull left or right when braking.
• Vibration/Pulsating Pedal: Often indicates warped or unevenly worn brake discs.
• Warning Light: Many modern cars have a dashboard warning light linked to sensors in the brake pads.

Inspection and Maintenance

You can sometimes visually inspect pad thickness through the wheel spokes, though a proper check often requires removing the wheel. Look for the friction material – if it looks very thin (less than 3-4mm), replacement is due. Discs should have a smooth, even surface; deep scoring, ridges, or a noticeable ‘lip’ around the edge indicates wear.

Brake fluid is also critical. It’s hygroscopic, meaning it absorbs moisture over time, which lowers its boiling point and can lead to corrosion in the system. Manufacturers recommend changing the brake fluid periodically (often every 2 years).

Brakes are rigorously checked during the annual MOT test. Examiners assess pad and disc condition, brake efficiency using roller testers, and check for leaks or corrosion in the hydraulic system. Worn brakes are a common cause of MOT failure. Never compromise on brake maintenance; if you suspect any issue, have them inspected by a qualified mechanic without delay.

If you need a hand figuring out whether your breaks are on the way out, or need to book in for a replacement, get in touch. We’re here to help.